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Ukukhetha okulungile isitshalo se-dtro idinga ukuhlolwa okucophelelayo kwezici zakho ezithile zamanzi angcolile, izidingo zokukhishwa, kanye nezidingo zokusebenza. Lokhu kuqondana okuqondile kukuqondisa ekucabangeni okubalulekile, okuhlanganisa ukunqunywa kokuqanjwa kwefilimu, ukuhlola ukusebenza kahle kwamandla, amandla okuzenzela, nezilinganiso zokuthobela. Ukuqonda okuguquguqukayo okufana namazinga e-COD esiteshi, izigaba ze-conductivity, izisindo zokusebenza, nezindleko zosekelo zesikhathi eside kuzokusiza ekwenzeni ukukhetha okufundisiwe okwandisa umkhiqizo wokwelashwa kuyilapho unciphisa izindleko zokusebenza phezu kwezinhlelo zokusebenza ezihlukene.
Ukuqonda I-DTRO Technology kanye nezicelo zayo zezimboni
I-Disc Tube Reverse Osmosis ikhuluma nokuqamba okusha kokuhlunga kwesendlalelo, okudizayinelwe ikakhulukazi imifudlana yamanzi angcolile eyimishini eyinselele. Akunjalo neze njengezinhlelo ezijwayelekile ze- reverse osmosis, ukusungulwa kwe-DTRO kusebenzisa ilungiselelo elithakazelisayo le-disc-tube eliphatha usawoti omningi, izinto eziqinile kakhulu. Isinyathelo sesendlalelo senza imiklamo yokusakaza eneziyaluyalu elindele ukona futhi andise ngokuphawulekayo iminyaka yokuphila yokusebenza.
Amahhovisi okukhiqiza phezu kwamabhizinisi emithi, amakhemikhali, nawokuphatha ukudla ancike kulelisu lokuhlunga elithuthukisiwe. Ukuqamba okusha kudlula okulindelekile ekwelapheni i-leachate yokulahla udoti, amanzi angcolile ezimayini, kanye nokungcola kwe-petrochemical, lapho amasu okwelapha avamile elwa khona. Izinhlelo ze-DTRO zenza amazinga okuxoshwa angcolile amangalisayo adlula ama-95% kuyilapho esebenza ngaphansi kwezimo zengcindezi engajwayelekile efinyelela kubha we-120.
Izikhungo zezitshalo zesimanje ze-DTRO zididiyelwe ngokuhambisana nesisekelo esikhona sokwelapha. Izinhlaka ezihlakaniphile zokwenza ikhompuyutha zihlola amapharamitha ayisisekelo okuhlanganisa ukuhluka kwesisindo, amazinga okuguquguquka, kanye nokuhlanganisa kufika kokuqinile okuphukile, ngokungaguquki. Leli khono lokuhlola ngesikhathi sangempela linika amandla ukuhlela kosekelo futhi lithuthukise imiklamo yokusebenzisa amandla. Abaphathi bemishini bayawazisa amandla obuchwepheshe okusingatha ikhwalithi eguquguqukayo eshintshashintshayo ngaphandle kokuphazamisa izindinganiso eziguquguqukayo.
Uhlelo oluyimfihlo lokucabanga lubophezela ukukhushulwa kwezidingo kusukela ekusebenzeni kwesikali sokuhlola kuya ezikhungweni zokukhiqiza ezigcwele. Imojula ngayinye isebenza ngokuzenzakalelayo, ivumela ukugunyazwa okuhleliwe namasu okusekela alula. Lokhu kuzivumelanisa nezimo kubalulekile kumabhizinisi ahlangabezana nezinhlobonhlobo zezicelo ezijwayelekile noma ukwandiswa kwamandla okuhlela.
Izicaciso Zokusebenza Ezibalulekile okufanele Zihlolwe
Imininingwane yobuchwepheshe ihlela ukusungulwa kokunqunywa kwesistimu ye-DTRO enezithelo. Izilinganiso zesisindo esisebenzayo ngokuvamile zithatha ibha engu-40-120, enezisindo eziphakeme ezinikeza izilinganiso zokucashisa ezingcolisayo. I-MR-DTRO-120 ikhombisa leli khono, ukunakekela amazinga e-Gulf COD afika ku-25,000 mg/L ngengcindezi enkulu yokusebenza.
Isitshalo se-DTRO amazinga okuguquguquka kwefilimu ngokuvamile anquma ukusebenza kahle kohlaka kanye nezidingo zokuvela. Izinhlaka zekhwalithi zigcina ukusebenza okuguquguqukayo kokushintsha kwezinga lokushisa nezimo ze-pH. Ukumelana nezinga lokushisa kusuka ku-5°C kuya ku-45°C, okuqinisekisa ukusebenza konyaka wonke ezimweni zezulu ezihlukile. Amandla okumelana namakhemikhali anika amandla ukwelashwa kwemifudlana ene-asidi, encibilikayo, kanye neyemvelo engcoliswe yi-solvent.
Amazinga okutholwa athinta ngokuphelele izindaba zezezimali zokusebenza. Ukusetha kwe-Premium DTRO kufeza u-70-85% wokuvuselela amanzi ngenkathi kugcinwa ukugxila okunengqondo. Izilinganiso zokululama eziphakeme zinciphisa izindleko zokudlulisa ukumosha futhi andise ukuphehlwa kwamanzi ahlanzekile emithonjeni engcolile. Izilinganiso zokusetshenziswa kobungqabavu zixhumene ngokuqondile nezindleko zokusebenza zesikhathi eside.
ulwelwesi Izifiso zobude besikhathi sokuphila zinomthelela omkhulu ekubalweni kobunikazi. Amafilimu asezingeni eliphezulu avela kubakhiqizi abanjengoToray noDow aveza ubude besikhathi sokuphila sokusebenza seminyaka engu-2-3 ngaphansi kwezimo ezijwayelekile. Izinto ezisezingeni eliphezulu zimelana nokuvezwa kwe-chlorine, zandisa amazinga okuqina kwe-pH, futhi zigcina ukusebenza okuthembekile kuyo yonke impilo yazo yokusebenza.
Imibandela Yokukhetha Eqondene Nemboni
Izinhlelo zokusebenza zemithi kanye ne-biotechnology zidinga amasistimu athobela i-GMP anamandla amakhulu wokubhala imibhalo. Ukwakhiwa kwensimbi engagqwali kuvimbela ukungcola ngenkathi kusiza izinqubo zokuhlanzeka. Izivumelwano zokuqinisekisa kufanele zihambisane nemihlahlandlela ye-FDA kanye ne-EMA yamazinga ekhwalithi yamanzi.
Ukukhiqizwa kwe-elekthronikhi ne-semiconductor kudinga okuqondiwe kokusebenza okuphansi kakhulu okungaphansi kuka-0.1 μS/cm. Amasistimu e-DTRO ahlanganiswe ne-electrodeionization (EDI) afinyelela lezi zicaciso eziqinile. Ukuhlanzwa kwe-Silicon wafer kanye nezinqubo ze-photolithography kuncike kwikhwalithi yamanzi engaguquki ukuvimbela ukwakheka kwesici.
Imisebenzi yokudla neziphuzo ibeka phambili ukungathathi hlangothi kwe-flavour nokuphepha kwe-microbiological. Ubuchwepheshe be-DTRO bususa izinto eziphilayo ezincibilikisiwe, usawoti, nokungcoliswa kwamagciwane ngaphandle kokwethula ama-flavour angaphandle. Izicelo zotshwala ziyazuza ekususweni kwamaminerali okunembayo kuyilapho kugcinwa ukungaguquguquki komkhiqizo.
Izikhungo zokuphehla ugesi zigxile eqophelweni eliphezulu lamanzi okuphakela amabhoyili kanye nokwelashwa kwamanzi okupholisa. Izinhlelo zezitshalo ze-DTRO zisusa izinto eziqinile ezincibilikisiwe ezibangela ukukala nokugqwala ekusetshenzisweni kwezinga lokushisa eliphezulu. Izikhungo zenuzi zidinga ukucatshangelwa okwengeziwe kokumelana nemisebe ezintweni zolwelwesi.
Ukuhlanzwa kwamanzi angcolile kamasipala kugcizelela ukuthobela imithetho kanye nokuthembeka kokusebenza. Ukufakwa kwe-DTRO kufanele kuhlangabezane nemikhawulo eqinile yokukhipha ngenkathi kusingathwa izici ezinethonya eziguquguqukayo. Izicelo zokucwiliswa kwemfucumfucu ziletha izinselele eziyingqayizivele, okuhlanganisa ukugxila okuphezulu kwe-ammonia kanye nokungcoliswa kwezinsimbi ezinzima.
Ukucatshangelwa Kwezomnotho kanye Nembuyiselo Kutshalomali
Ukuhlaziywa kwezindleko ezinkulu kuhlanganisa izindleko zemishini, izindleko zokufakwa, nokulungiswa kwengqalasizinda. Amasistimu e-DTRO ngokuvamile adinga ukutshalwa kwezimali okuphezulu kokuqala uma kuqhathaniswa nezindlela zokwelashwa ezivamile. Kodwa-ke, ukusebenza kokwelashwa okuphakeme kanye nezindleko zokusebenza ezincishisiwe zithethelela intengo ye-premium yezicelo ezifunayo.
Izibalo zezindleko zokusebenza zifaka ukusetshenziswa kwamandla, ukushintshwa kolwelwesi, umthamo wamakhemikhali, kanye nezidingo zokunakekela. Amadizayini alungiselelwe amandla anciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwamandla ngokusebenzisa amadrayivu efrikhwensi ahlukahlukene kanye nezinhlelo zokuthola ingcindezi. Amaphampu e-Danfoss anengcindezi ephezulu aletha izilinganiso ezisebenza kahle kuzo zonke izimo zomthwalo ezihlukene.
Ukwehliswa kwezindleko zokulahla imfucuza kunikeza izinzuzo ezinkulu kwezomnotho. Amanani aphezulu okubuyisa anciphisa amavolumu okugxila adinga ukulahla ngaphandle kwendawo. Ezinye izinto ezifakiwe zifinyelela cishe ku-zero ukukhishwa koketshezi ngokuhwamuka kokugxila noma ukwakheka kwekristalu. Lezi zindlela ziqeda izimali zokulahla eziqhubekayo ngenkathi zithola inani elibalulekile ngoImikhiqizo.
Inani lokuthobela imithetho lidlulela ngalé kokugwema izinhlawulo. Izinga lokugeleza okungaguquki livumela ukuvuselelwa kwezimvume nokwandiswa kwesikhungo. Ukuphathwa kwemvelo kuthuthukisa isithunzi senkampani kanye nobudlelwano nababambiqhaza. Ezinye izindawo zinikeza izikhuthazo zentela zokwamukelwa kobuchwepheshe bokwelapha obuthuthukisiwe.
Isitshalo se-DTRO Izibalo zesikhathi sokukhokha ngokuvamile zisukela eminyakeni engu-3-7, kuye ngokucaciswa kwesicelo. Izinhlelo zokusebenza zokusetshenziswa kabusha kwamanzi anenani eliphezulu zithola ukubuyisela ngokushesha ngezindleko zokuthenga amanzi ahlanzekile ezigwenyiwe. Ukugaywa kabusha kwamanzi enqubo yezimboni kunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwamanzi kamasipala kanye nezindleko ezihambisanayo.
Izidingo Zokufaka Nezokusebenza
Ukulungiswa kwesiza kubandakanya ukuxhumana kwezinsiza, ukwesekwa kwesakhiwo, nokulawulwa kwemvelo. Amasistimu e-DTRO adinga ukunikezwa kukagesi okuzinzile okunamandla ayisipele wezinhlelo zokusebenza ezibalulekile. Ukungena komoya okwanele kuvimbela ukunqwabelana komswakama futhi kugcina izimo zokusebenza ezifanele.
Izidingo zokwelashwa kusengaphambili ziyahlukahluka kuye ngezici ezinethonya. Ukuhlunga kwe-multimedia kususa okuqinile okumisiwe kuyilapho i-carbon ecushiwe iqeda i-chlorine nezinto eziphilayo. Amasistimu okulungisa i-pH athuthukisa ukusebenza kolwelwesi futhi andise impilo yesevisi. Ezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza ziyazuza ekwelapheni kwangaphambili kwe-ultrafiltration ukuze kuncishiswe amandla okungcolisa ulwelwesi.
Ukuqeqeshwa komqhubi wesitshalo se-DTRO kuqinisekisa ukusebenza kohlelo okuphephile nokuphumelelayo. Izinhlelo zokulawula zinezixhumi ezisebenziseka kalula ezinokuphathwa kwe-alamu kanye namakhono athandwayo. Izinketho zokuqapha kude zivumela ochwepheshe Ukusekela kwezobuchwepheshe ngesikhathi sezigaba zokuqala kanye nokwenza ngcono. Izinhlelo zokuqeqesha eziphelele zihlanganisa ukulungiswa okuvamile, ukuxazulula izinkinga, kanye nezinqubo eziphuthumayo.
Ukuhlela ukunakekela kunciphisa isikhathi sokuphumula esingahleliwe kuyilapho kuthuthukisa ukusebenza kolwelwesi. Ukugcinwa kokuvikela kuhlanganisa ukuhlolwa komfutho, ukutholwa kokuvuza, nokuqapha ukusebenza. Izinqubo zokuhlanza amakhemikhali zibuyisela ukuguquguquka kwe-membrane kanye namazinga okulahlwa ngezikhathi ezithile. Ukuphathwa kwe-inventory yezingxenye eziyisipele kuqinisekisa ukusabela okusheshayo ekuhlulekeni kwemishini.
Ukucatshangelwa kokuphepha kuhlanganisa amasistimu anengcindezi ephezulu, ukuphatha amakhemikhali, nezingozi zikagesi. Amasistimu okusiza ingcindezi avikela ekucindezelekeni ngokweqile kuyilapho izikhiye zokuphepha zivimbela ukuchayeka ko-opharetha. Izindawo zokugcina amakhemikhali zidinga ukuqukatha kwesibili nezinhlelo zokungenisa umoya. Imininingwane yemishini yokuzivikela ihambisana nokuhlolwa kwengozi ethile yesayithi.
Ukuqinisekiswa Kwekhwalithi kanye Namazinga Okuhambisana
International Isitshalo se-DTRO izidingo zesitifiketi ziyahlukahluka ezimbonini nasezifundeni zezwe. Izinhlelo zokuphatha ikhwalithi ze-ISO 9001 ziqinisekisa amazinga okukhiqiza angaguquki. Ukumakwa kwe-CE kukhombisa ukuthobela kwe-Europe ngenkathi isitifiketi se-NSF siqinisekisa izicelo zamanzi okuphuza. Amalabhorethri okuhlola ezinkampani zangaphandle aqinisekisa izimangalo zokusebenza kanye nokucaciswa kwezinto ezibonakalayo.
Ukuthobela imithetho kuhlanganisa izimvume zokulahla, ukukhishwa komoya, nokuphathwa kwemfucuza. Izinga laseChina le-GB 8978 lisungula imikhawulo yokukhipha amanzi angcolile ezimbonini. Iziqondiso ze-European Union zigunyaza ukuqaliswa kobuchwepheshe obutholakalayo obungcono kakhulu ezimbonini ezithile. Imihlahlandlela ye-EPA yase-United States ihlinzeka ngohlaka lokukhethwa kobuchwepheshe nokuqapha ukusebenza.
Izidingo zamadokhumenti zisekela ukuhanjiswa okulawulwayo kanye nezinqubo zokusebenza. Ukuhlolwa kokwamukelwa kwefekthri kuqinisekisa ukusebenza kwesistimu ngaphambi kokuthunyelwa. Ukuhlolwa kokwamukelwa kwesayithi kuqinisekisa ukufakwa nokugunyazwa okufanele. Iziqinisekiso zokusebenza zinikeza isiqinisekiso mayelana nokusebenza kahle kokwelashwa kanye nezindleko zokusebenza.
Izinyathelo zokulawula ikhwalithi kulo lonke ukukhiqiza ziqinisekisa ukulethwa kwemishini okuthembekile. Ukuhlolwa kwengcindezi kuqinisekisa ubuqotho be-membrane kanye nokuqina kwesistimu. izitifiketi kuqinisekisa ukuhambisana kwamakhemikhali kanye nezakhiwo zemishini. Ukuhlolwa kwe-hydrostatic kuqinisekisa ubuqotho besakhiwo ngaphansi kwengcindezi ephezulu yokuklama.
Ukuqapha ukusebenza okuqhubekayo kukhombisa ukuthobela okuqhubekayo kanye namathuba okuthuthukisa. Amasistimu wokuloga idatha agcina amarekhodi omlando wokubikwa kokulawula. Ukuhlaziya okuthrendayo kukhomba ukuwohloka kokusebenza kancane kancane ngaphambi kokuba kwenzeke ukwehluleka okubalulekile. Ukucwaningwa kwamabhuku kwaminyaka yonke kuqinisekisa ukuqhubeka kokuthotshelwa kwamazinga nezimvume ezisebenzayo.
Isiphetho
Ukukhetha uhlelo olufanele lwe-DTRO kudinga ukuhlolwa okucophelelayo kokunquma okukhethekile, ukucabanga ngezezimali, kanye nezimfuneko zokusebenza eziqondene nemboni yakho. Ukunqoba kuncike ekuqondeni amandla okuqanjwa kabusha kwefilimu, izilinganiso zokuthobela, nezifiso zosekelo zesikhathi eside. Igiya lekhwalithi elivela kubakhiqizi abanolwazi abafana no-Morui liqinisekisa ukusebenza okuthembekile nokuhambisana nokuphatha kuzo zonke izinhlelo zokusebenza ezahlukene. Ukuqagela ekusungulweni kwesendlalelo okuqhubekayo kudlulisa umkhiqizo wokwelapha ophambili, izindleko zokusebenza ezinciphile, kanye nezinzuzo zokuphatha ezingokwemvelo ezigunyaza ukulinganisa kwe-premium kwezinhlelo zokusebenza ezifuna imishini.
Uzakwethu ne-Morui ngezidingo zakho ze-DTRO Plant
I-Guangdong Morui Environmental Technology imile njengethembekile Isitshalo se-DTRO umkhiqizi onolwazi olunzulu kuzo zonke izinhlelo zokusebenza zezimboni ezihlukahlukene. Ithimba lethu lonjiniyela lisebenzisa ama-workshops akhethekile ayi-15+ nezindawo eziningi zokukhiqiza ukuze ilethe izixazululo ezenziwe ngokwezifiso ezihlangabezana nemininingwane eqondile. Isistimu ngayinye ihlanganisa izingxenye ze-premium, okuhlanganisa amaphampu e-Danfoss nolwelwesi oluhamba phambili embonini olusuka ku-Toray ne-Dow Chemical.
Imodeli yethu ye-MR-DTRO-120 iyisibonelo samakhono obunjiniyela athuthukile, ibhekana nenselele yokulahla imfucumfucu enamazinga e-COD e-inlet COD afinyelela ku-25,000 mg/L. Idizayini eqinile isebenza ngokuthembekile ekucindezelweni kwebha engu-120 kuyilapho igcina amazinga aphezulu okunqatshwa kokungcola. Ukwakhiwa kwe-modular kwenza ukuhlanganiswa okungenamthungo nengqalasizinda ekhona kanye nokwandiswa kwamandla okuzayo.
Ngamagatsha esevisi angu-14+ kulo lonke elase-China namandla okusekela emhlabeni wonke, i-Morui iletha ukuthunyelwa okusheshayo phakathi kwezinsuku ezingu-7-35. Iphothifoliyo yethu yesevisi ebanzi ihlanganisa ukubonisana kwemiklamo, ukukhiqizwa kwemishini, ukugada ukufakwa, ukuqeqeshwa komsebenzisi, nokusekelwa okuqhubekayo kokulungisa. 24/7 Amandla okuxazulula inkinga akude aqinisekisa isikhathi esincane sokuphumula nokusebenza kahle.
Ubuchwepheshe bezobuchwepheshe buhlanganisa ukuhlanzwa kwamanzi kamasipala, izinhlelo zokusebenza zemboni, kanye nemifudlana ekhethekile yamanzi angcolile. Isikhungo sethu sokukhiqiza i-membrane siqinisekisa ukulawulwa kwekhwalithi kulo lonke uchungechunge lokuhlinzeka ngenkathi sinciphisa izikhathi zokulethwa. Njengomphakeli ogunyaziwe wemikhiqizo ehamba phambili ehlanganisa amaphampu e-Shimge, amavalvu e-Runxin, namathuluzi e-Createc, siqinisekisa izingxenye zangempela nokusekelwa kwesevisi.
Usukulungele ukuhlola ukuthi ubuchwepheshe be-DTRO bungaguqula kanjani izinselele zakho zokwelashwa kwamanzi? Onjiniyela bethu bohlelo lokusebenza bahlinzeka ngezifundo ezinokwenzeka ezinemininingwane kanye nokuqagela kokusebenza okususelwa kuzimfuneko zakho ezithile. Xhumana nathi ku benson@guangdongmorui.com ukuxoxa ngezidingo zephrojekthi yakho futhi uthole isiphakamiso sobuchwepheshe esibanzi.
Okubhekwayo
1. Inhlangano Yezemvelo Yamanzi. (2019). Ukwelashwa Kwamanzi Embonini: Ubuchwepheshe Be-Membrane Ethuthukisiwe Nezicelo. WEF Press, Alexandria, VA.
2. I-Membrane Technology Research Institute. (2020). Ukuhlaziywa Kokusebenza Kwezinhlelo ze-DTRO Ekuhlanzeni Amanzi Angcolile Ezimbonini. Ijenali yeMembrane Science and Engineering, 45(3), 234-251.
3. Inhlangano Yamanzi Yamazwe Ngamazwe. (2021). Imikhuba Engcono Kakhulu Yokukhetha Nokusebenza Kwesistimu Ye-Membrane Yezimboni. IWA Publishing, London, UK.
4. I-Ejensi Yokuvikela Imvelo. (2022). Imihlahlandlela Yokusetshenziswa Kobuchwepheshe Bokwelapha Okuthuthukisiwe Ezicelweni Zezimboni. EPA Office of Water, Washington, DC.
5. U-Zhang, L., Chen, M., & Wang, H. (2021). Ukuhlaziywa Kwezomnotho Kobuchwepheshe be-DTRO Ekuhlanzeni Amanzi Angcolile Anosawoti Ophakeme. I-Desalination kanye Nokwelashwa Kwamanzi, 208, 145-158.
6. Ikhomishini yaseYurophu. (2020). Idokhumenti Eyisethenjwa Kumasu Angcono Kakhulu Atholakalayo Okuhlanza Amanzi Embonini. Ihhovisi le-EU Publications, eBrussels, eBelgium.
